arxiv.org/abs/2401.12595 On the stability and emittance growth of different particle phase-space distributions in a long magnetic quadrupole channel
Particle simulations compare K-V, waterbag, parabolic, conical and Gaussian beams in periodic quadrupole channels. A Gaussian beam's emittance growth under the third-order instability stays far below an equivalent K-V beam's after many periods, while other distributions grow quickly early on.
